DEVICE FOR REMOVING STEM AND FRAGRANCE FROM FIELD AGRICULTURAL CROPS

专利摘要:
Device for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction, and - at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame, 10 wherein the haulm pulling unit comprises a pair of cooperating discs, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, the disc holders including disc drives for rotating the discs in the same direction about respective disc axes, with the discs at their trailing edge upward pivoting, wherein the discs are adjustable so that they converge in a horizontal direction opposite to the working direction and / or vertical downward direction, the haulm pulling unit comprising adjustable tensioning means for clamping the discs against each other under deformation thereof, radial inner side of the circumferential side to form a contact area with which stem e n foliage can be clamped for removal from the field. The device can be provided with a disc with pins and / or an earth mover.
公开号:NL2025722A
申请号:NL2025722
申请日:2020-06-02
公开日:2020-12-08
发明作者:Van Der Vegt Erik
申请人:Van Der Vegt Erik；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] The invention relates to a device for removing stalk and foliage from agricultural crops growing in the field. The invention relates in particular to the removal of stem and foliage from tubers, more particularly applicable to potato crops.
[0002] Devices for removing stalk and foliage from agricultural crops in the field are known as "haulm pullers". They are used to promote the harvesting process of root vegetables in the ground. After pulling the stem and foliage off the tuber, the growth of the tuber stops. Some time later, the tuber can be harvested with a specific harvester.
[0003] Various types of haulm extractors are known.
[0004] A first type of haulm tractor is equipped with pairs of driven belts or belts circulating in a substantially horizontal plane, which can clamp a stem and foliage between them and then pull backwards from the rest of the leaves with respect to the ground. plant. An example of this is described in patent application NL-
[0005] A second type of haulm puller is equipped with pairs of counter-rotating clamping bodies. The clamping bodies may be designed as elongate spheres of elastic material rotating about substantially horizontal parallel axes, as shown in patent NL-99872 and patent NL-189994. Alternatively, they may be embodied as pneumatic tires rotating about substantially vertical parallel axes, as shown in patent application GB-2056240. In still other embodiments, the clamp bodies are arranged for rotation about angled axes with respect to one another. In patent application NL-7808386 a haulm tractor is equipped with a pair of downwardly converging, resilient spoke wheels with solid rubber tires or rubber wheels in a vertical, transverse direction of travel plane. The rotating driven wheels are tensioned against each other in the lower edge area in order to clamp and pull the stems there. The foliage has already been removed from the stems by means of rotating flails. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] An object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned in the preamble, with which stems and leaves can be reliably separated from a tuber taken up in the ground.
[0007] An object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned in the preamble with a versatile application.
[0008] From one aspect the invention provides a device for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction, and - at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame, the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs each defining a major plane and each bendable out of their main plane, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, the disc holders including disc drives for rotate the discs in the same direction about respective disc axes, with discs rotating upwardly at their adjacent edge, the discs of the pair of discs converging in a downward direction towards each other in a vertical transverse plane, the discs of the pair of discs converge towards each other in a horizontal plane in a direction opposite to the working direction , and wherein the haulm pulling unit comprises adjustable tensioning means for clamping the discs against each other with deformation thereof, to form a contact area on the radial inside of the circumferential side.
[0009] [0009] With the device according to the invention, the foliage standing on a bed or ridge will run in between the driven discs in a process-favorable manner and then end up in the contact area of the discs tensioned against each other to pass through the discs.
[0010] It is noted that French patent application 2,860,682 (D1) discloses a device and method for removing male inflorescences from a stalk of a maize plant with the aid of two, initially flat, bendable discs. The device is herein designed to act in an upper part of the stem of the plant and to spare the leaves of the plant as much as possible.
[0011] In a first further development, the tensioning means comprise first adjusting means for adjusting the angle between the disc axes of the two discs, viewed in a first plane containing the two disc axes. The first adjusting means can act about respective first adjusting axes which intersect the respective disc axes perpendicularly.
[0012] In one embodiment thereof, the first adjustment axes have a horizontal and a vertical directional component, which directional components have a ratio of between 1: 2 and 2: 1. This promotes the setting of the disc angle in the horizontal and vertical (transverse) plane.
[0013] The first adjustment means may be arranged to adjust the downwardly opening angle between the first adjustment axes in a range of 160-180 degrees.
[0014] In a further or additional further development, the disc holders are arranged in the haulm pulling unit such that the surface center of gravity of the contact area is located behind the lowest point of the discs. This promotes the running-in of the foliage between the discs.
[0015] The tensioning means can herein comprise second adjusting means for adjusting the position of the contact area in the circulation of the discs, whereby the adjustment
[0016] The second adjusting means may be arranged with an adjusting range that allows the contact area to be located entirely in the lower half of the discs.
[0017] The second adjusting means may be arranged to adjust the angle of the first plane containing the disc axes with respect to the working direction. The second adjustment means may then be operable to adjust the disc holders about respective second adjustment axes that are perpendicular to the respective first adjustment axes.
[0018] The second adjustment axes may be adjustable in the first plane at an angle to the respective disc axes in an angular range of between 0 +/- 30 degrees.
[0019] In a further development the tensioning means comprise third adjusting means for adjusting the horizontal distance between the centers of the discs. The third adjusting means can be adjustable about respective third adjusting axes which are located outside the discs. This provides an additional setting option for the contact area.
[0020] In a further development, the haulm pulling unit comprises a fork, the disc holders being mounted on the arms of the fork. The disc holders can herein comprise a headrest and an auxiliary support, wherein the auxiliary support is located between the motor and the headrest and can be adjusted relative thereto by the first adjusting means about the first adjusting axis.
[0021] The headrest can be angularly adjustable with respect to the arm concerned by the second adjusting means.
[0022] In one embodiment, the arms of the fork converge in a downward direction and / or in opposite directions to the working direction. As a result, the fork arms already form an oblique, converging base for the disc holders and thus for the discs.
[0023] In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the fork arms are constructed with the centerline of the fork arm pivot point parallel to the mounting surface of the first engine mount. The shape and bends in the fork arm can provide variations. For example, it could also work with a straight fork arms, then a greater rotation of the engine supports with respect to each other. The pivot point of the fork arm in this exemplary embodiment is at an angle of approximately 45 degrees from the ground plane.
[0024] It is possible to adjust the height of the discs relative to the slide plates. This adjustment takes place about pivot axis 32 in Figure 2A, which is substantially transverse to the mounting surface. Please note, with a pivot point perpendicular to the ground surface, this could also be done with a different setting of the position of the motor supports.
[0025] In the embodiment with the aforementioned fork, the third adjusting means can be designed for adjusting the distance between the fork arms at the location of the discs. The third adjustment axes can be parallel to the first adjustment axes. The third adjustment axes may be located at a location along the fork which is higher than the location of attachment of the respective disc holder thereon. The third adjustment axes could also be at the same height or even below the location of the mounting of the respective disc holder. In other words, the third adjustment axes could be positioned both below and above the centerline of the clamping discs. The position of the fork holder pivot is positioned outside the discs to provide only a slight angular rotation of the discs when adjusting the fork arms.
[0026] The advantage of a higher pivot axis of the fork arms is to have a larger adjusting arm. The further this third adjusting axis is located from the disc axis M1, the greater the adjusting arm and the stroke of this arm.
[0027] The third adjusting means may further comprise spring means for permitting spring-braked deflection of the fork arms relative to each other.
[0028] In an alternative embodiment the third adjusting means comprise a hydraulic cylinder with adjustable pressure. This makes it easy to set the pressure force of the discs against each other. In the event of a blockage, the hydraulic cylinder can be operated to move the discs apart so that the dirt can be easily removed.
[0029] In one embodiment, the third adjustment axis is transverse to the fork arm, viewed in a vertical plane of projection including the direction of action, as in Figure 2A. In another embodiment, the tensioning means and the discs are configured to cause the contact area to be radially inwardly spaced from the peripheral side of the discs.
[0030] According to a further aspect of the invention, the device may be provided with means for adjusting the height of the haulm pulling unit, adapted to keep the leaf from the surface of the field near the level of the point of exit of the stem. bottom point of the discs during the movement of the implement across the field.
[0031] The discs are assembled in a further development of the haulm pulling device according to the invention. They may include an inner disc portion of a relatively compliant and / or elastic material, such as, for example, a rubber, for direct contact with stem and foliage, and an outer disc portion that is more bending-stiff than the inner disc portion of compliant and / or elastic material.
[0032] In a first further development of the device according to the invention, the discs each comprise a flat surface-forming outer disc part of resiliently bendable material, such as a steel, the disc part having a circumferential circumferential edge, preferably a continuous circular circumferential edge. The inner disc portion, also as a flat face, may be attached to the surface of the outer disc portion, for example, by an adhesive.
[0033] The, for example, steel outer and inner disc parts are tensioned towards each other by the tensioning means under deformation of these inner disc parts, whereby the compliant and / or elastic inner disc parts are pressed against each other and form a continuous contact area, which has an at least substantially vertical position. - can be flat flat.
[0034] In a second further embodiment, the discs comprise an outer disc portion having a disc hub and a plurality of pins extending from the hub to the disc rim, the discs further each comprising an inner disc portion located on the facing sides of the disc. the discs, the bending stiffness of the pins being greater than that of the inner disc part, the pins being arranged circumferentially uniformly distributed, with a gap between successive pins, the pins having free radial ends, the pins of both discs can cooperate to deform the inner disc parts in the contact area between them.
[0035] The tensioning means are preferably adapted to adjust the relative positions of the disc hubs in the circumferential sense and thus of the pins of the one disc relative to the pins of the other disc.
[0036] The co-acting pins of the discs largely determine the deformation of the inner disc parts, which can be relatively soft and yielding, which can be favorable for the engagement of stem and foliage. A large number of possibilities of design (such as in size and shape) of the contact area are offered by a combination of relatively bending stiff pins and inner disc parts deformable by the pins with adjustable tensioning means in the device according to the invention. This promotes coordination with the crop to be treated (such as type and condition).
[0037] The generally circular peripheral edge of the inner disc members can define the disc edge thereof. The inner disc parts can be made of a rubber-like material. At least in the portion intended to form the contact area, the inner disc parts may have a thickness which is dependent on the material of the inner disc parts and the spacing of the pins. The inner disc parts may have a thickness in the range of 0.5 cm - 1.5 µm.
[0038] Both disc parts can deform out of their main plane. For example, it may be the inner disc part that deforms, both in the design with a flat surface-forming outer disc part and in the design with an outer disc part with a disc hub and pins.
[0039] From another aspect, the invention provides a device for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction, and at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame, the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, the disc holders including disc drives for rotating the discs in the same direction about respective disc axes, wherein the discs at their trailing edge rotate upwardly, the discs being adjustable so that they converge in a horizontal direction opposite to the working direction and / or vertical downward direction, the haulm pulling unit comprising adjustable tensioning means for clamping the discs against each other under deformation thereof, to form a contact area on the radial inside of the circumferential side and the like with which stem and foliage can be clamped for removal from the field, the discs having a disc hub and a plurality of pins extending from the hub to the disc edge, the discs each further comprising a disc element disposed at each other facing sides of the discs, the bending stiffness of the pins being greater than that of the inner disc parts, the pins being arranged circumferentially uniformly distributed, with a gap between successive pins, the pins having free radial ends, wherein the tensioning means are adapted to adjust the relative positions of the disc hubs in the circumferential sense and therewith of the pins of the one disc relative to the pins of the other disc, wherein the pins of both discs can cooperate about the inner disc parts in the contact area between them.
[0040] It is noted that patent application NL-7808386 describes and shows a haulm puller which in one embodiment is equipped with a pair of wheels converging downwardly in a vertical, transverse plane, having a series of resilient spokes. and solid rubber rims attached to the ends of said spokes. The rotatably driven wheels are clamped against each other in the lower edge region of the rims in order to be able to clamp and pull the previously defoliated stems there. In another embodiment, the spoke wheels have been replaced by all-rubber discs which may be reinforced by springs if necessary.
[0041] In one embodiment, the discs are mounted circumferentially offset such that the pins of one disc extend adjacent gaps between the pins of the other disc, viewed in a vertical plane of projection containing the direction of action. A pin of the one disc can then exert a pressure force in the interspace of the two adjacent pins of the other disc, the interspace offering space for deformation of the inner disc part or the inner disc parts there. As a result, the inner disc parts in the contact area can form partial surfaces that have a normal having a tangentially directed directional component. As a result, the engagement, in particular clamping, of a stem and foliage between the two discs can be promoted.
[0042] In one embodiment, the pins of one disk extend along a median plane of the gap between the two adjacent pins of the other disk.
[0043] The tensioning means can herein be adapted to cause the inner disc parts to deform into radial hills and valleys at the location of the contact area by means of the pins, wherein the ridges of one disk engage in the valleys of the other disk and vice versa. In other words, the mountains and valleys of the two discs can be connected to each other, as in the case of two waves, with or without a phase difference.
[0044] The tensioning means can be arranged to keep the pin ends of the two discs at a horizontal distance from each other at the location of the contact area, which is smaller than the thickness of the inner disc part there in the unloaded state.
[0045] The inner disc parts can have a circumferentially undulating course at the area of contact on the edge of the disc.
[0046] In one embodiment, the contact area comprises elongated radial partial contact areas, each time located between two pins of respective discs.
[0047] In one embodiment, the inner disc members project radially from the ends of the pins. The pins are then less likely to damage high-lying potatoes or other crops present near the surface. Furthermore, it becomes easier for the inner disc portion to bend or curl at the edge, resulting in a rounded edge. If the foliage to be pulled is not exactly in the middle between the inner disc parts, the foliage can then bend around the resulting rounded edge, causing the foliage to break off less quickly.
[0048] The use of pins in combination with inner disc parts of rubber or comparable compliant and / or elastic material makes it possible to place the discs at a relatively large mutual angle with respect to each other and still realize a large contact area. . An additional advantage is that as a result of the deformation of the inner disc parts from the imaginary vertical central plane of the pair of discs, any product adhering to the inner disc parts is better worked off.
[0049] The pins may lie on a conical surface, in particular a frusto-conical surface, the outer side of which faces the other disc. In this way, a somewhat uniform engagement in radial direction can be achieved despite the oblique position of the disc hubs.
[0050] The inner disc members may be flat, so that in the unloaded state they are spaced from the pins by their edge. The inner disc members may alternatively have a shape with a frusto-conical or cone-shaped peripheral portion following the cone formed by the pins. This provides a favorable entry opening for the stem with foliage.
[0051] The pins of each outer disc part may have a round surface on the side facing each other, in particular they may form round bars. This promotes deformation of the inner disc parts.
[0052] From a further aspect, the invention provides a method for removing stems and leaves from a crop standing in a field, in particular on a field ridge, comprising: - moving along and across the field in a working direction. field advancing of a haulm pulling device, in an embodiment of a haulm pulling device as described above, the haulm pulling device comprising: - a main frame and at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame, the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs, each of which defines a main plane and each bendable out of their main plane, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, during the advancement of the haulm puller, the discs are rotated in the same direction about respective disc axes, the discs rotating upwardly at their adjacent edge, the discs of the pair of discs in a vertical transverse to the working direction vl ak converge towards each other in a downward direction, wherein the discs of the pair of discs converge towards each other in a horizontal plane in a direction opposite to the working direction, and the discs are tensioned against each other during the advancement of the haulm pulling device, deforming the same, to form a contact area on the circumferential edge, wherein during the advancement of the haulm pulling device a lower part of the stem with foliage is allowed to run into the space between the discs and then engaged and clamped by the two discs and through let the discs leave the field.
[0053] In one embodiment, with first adjusting means provided on the haulm pulling device, the angle between the disc axes of the two discs is adjusted, viewed in a first plane containing the two disc axes. The angle can be adjusted with the first adjustment means about respective first adjustment axes perpendicularly intersecting the respective disc axes.
[0054] In one embodiment, the position of the contact area in the circulation of the discs is adjusted with second adjusting means provided on the haulm pulling device. In one embodiment, the location of the contact area can be set with the second adjusting means so that the contact area is located entirely behind the lowest point of the discs and / or so that the contact area is located entirely in the lower half of the discs. In one embodiment, the angle of the first plane containing the disc axes relative to the working direction is set with the second adjusting means. The disc holders can herein be set about respective second adjustment axes which are perpendicular to the respective first adjustment axes.
[0055] In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the surface center of gravity of the contact area is kept behind the lowest point of the discs during the advancement of the haulm pulling device. This will pull the foliage in the correct direction, there is enough opening at the front for feeding, and the discs allow the foliage to fall in time so that it is thrown backwards.
[0056] In one embodiment, during advancement of the haulm puller, the surface center of gravity of the contact area is kept below the disc axes, in particular at a height of 0.5R - R below the disc axes, where R is the radius of the discs in unloaded condition. .
[0057] In one embodiment, the outer edges of the discs are held at least close to, preferably below a height of two cm above the top of the field or field ridge prior to the operation of the haulm device on the field ridge.
[0058] In a particularization thereof, the outer edges of the discs are held on or below the initial top side of the field or field ridge, i.e. the top side thereof, prior to the operation of the haulm device on the field or field ridge.
[0059] From a further aspect, the invention provides a method for removing stems and foliage from a field crop, comprising:
[0060] In further embodiments of this method according to the invention, use is made of the above described embodiments of the haulm pulling unit according to the invention.
[0061] When removing stem and foliage from the bottom of a field by pulling on the stem, it can occur that a stem breaks. In order to reduce this risk, the invention provides, from another aspect, a device for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction , and - at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame, the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, the disc holders including disc drives for rotating the discs in the same direction about respective disc axes wherein the discs rotate upwardly at their trailing edge, the discs being adjustable so that they converge in a horizontal direction opposite to the working direction and / or vertical downward direction, the haulm pulling unit comprising adjustable tensioning means for tensioning the discs against each other under deformation thereof, for example on the radial inside of the circumference skant to form a contact area with which stem and foliage can be clamped for removal from the field, the device being provided with a soil mover arranged in the working direction in front of the discs for displacing soil in the vicinity of the stem where it emerges from the field.
[0062] This increases the possible grip area of the stem, with an area that is generally stronger than the portion of the stem located above it. Breakage of a stem will therefore occur less often. Because the released part of the stem will usually also be somewhat harder, the engagement of the stem by the discs can be promoted, because the force with which the discs press against each other in the contact area may be greater.
[0063] In one embodiment, the earth mover comprises a pair of rollers mounted on the main frame, in particular circular cylindrical rollers, in particular straight circle cylindrical rollers, arranged side by side on the main frame and with the peripheral surfaces spaced apart from each other are held to form a narrow gap, and a roller drive for rotating the rollers about substantially upstanding rotational axes such that they rotate in the gap in a direction opposite to the direction of travel. The rollers are powered to prevent them from stopping and working like a bulldozer.
[0064] By turning towards each other at the front, the soil is, as it were, pulled away from the oncoming stem. By rotating the rollers away from each other, the soil can be left behind at the rear of the rollers. The released soil can be clamped and released with stem through the trailing discs.
[0065] In one embodiment, the rollers converge with their rotational axes in a downward direction, viewed in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of travel, in particular converge at an included angle of less than 10 degrees. This provides extra space in the passage between the rollers for the displaced soil and for the foliage in the lower part of the stem.
[0066] The drive of the rollers may be adjustable in speed, in an embodiment between about 0.5-1.5 times the speed of the device in the working direction.
[0067] In a further development, the rollers are arranged to engage a stem. Thus, the rollers can have a centering effect on stems located to the side of the axis of the working direction. The stem will then first be engaged by one of the rollers and forced inward by the roll. Inward drive of the rollers promotes this process.
[0068] The rollers can also have an upright effect on the stem, at a low portion thereof and where the stem will be stronger than in the portion above, allowing the alignment to have an optimal effect. The rollers push the stems (whether or not together with soil) to the center of the field ridge or crop ridge. The stems are pressed inwards by the two counter-rotating rollers or drums, without being crushed. As a result, the stems stand upright in the center of the crop ridge, for example in a width of about three to six cm.
[0069] From a further aspect, the invention provides a method for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising of: - moving a haulm pulling device along and across the field in a working direction, wherein the haulm pulling device comprises: - a main frame and at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame, the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs, each defining a main plane and each bendable out of their main plane, the discs being rotated in the same direction during the advancement of the haulm pulling device about respective disc axes, discs rotating upwardly at their trailing edge, the discs being adjustable so that they converge in a horizontal direction opposite to the working direction and / or vertical downward direction, the discs being tensioned against each other during the advancement of the haulm pulling device under deformation thereof, to to form a contact area at the circumferential edge, whereby during the advancement of the haulm pulling device a lower part of the stem with foliage is allowed to run into the space between the discs and subsequently engaged and clamped in the contact area by the two discs and by the discs leaving the field, whereby during operation the edges of the discs are below the initial, i.e. in the state before passage of the haulm pulling unit, top of a field, which therefore has this top side prior to the operation of the haulm the field, and the stem is clamped by the discs in the contact area, at least in a stem portion located below that initial top side.
[0070] The grip of the stem by the discs is herein promoted, because the force with which the discs press against each other in the contact area may be greater, because the strand will be stronger or harder there than in the stem part above. This promotes the process of removing stems and foliage from the soil of a field.
[0071] In one embodiment, prior to the engagement of a stem with foliage by the discs, the top of the field (ridge) is lowered by displacing soil there. As a result, the engagement of the stem by the discs can be promoted.
[0072] In one embodiment, the soil is displaced by means of a pair of rollers mounted on the device, in particular straight-circular cylindrical rollers, which are arranged side by side and spaced apart with the circumferential surfaces to create a narrow space, the rollers being driven about substantially upstanding rotational axes so that they rotate in the space in a direction opposite to the direction of travel.
[0073] In one embodiment, the rollers are held such that their rotational axes converge in a downward direction, viewed in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of travel.
[0074] Prior to the engagement of a foliage stem by the discs, if the stem emerges from the ground at a position laterally spaced from the centerline of the working foliage pulling unit, in one embodiment, with the haulm pulling unit used, the stem where it rises from the ground to that centerline. The stem is then directed to some extent in the horizontal direction, transverse to the working direction or center line.
[0075] Prior to the engagement of a foliage stem by the discs, in one embodiment, with the foliage pulling unit used, the stem can be oriented at least substantially vertically, so that the stem can properly run in between the discs.
[0076] The centreline forcing and / or aligning the stem can be carried out by means of a pair of rollers mounted on the main frame, in particular circular cylindrical rollers, in particular straight circle cylindrical rollers, which are side by side. mounted on the main frame and with the peripheral surfaces on an intermediate
[0077] These rollers can be held such that their rotational axes converge in a downward direction, viewed in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of travel. As a result, the underside of the assembly of rollers matches the shape of a field ridge - often convex or downward widening - field ridge or crop ridge and the rollers can come as close to the stem as possible near their bottom edges, where the stem is strongest. Furthermore, the space between the rollers can then provide space for soil and foliage.
[0078] In a combined method according to the invention the rollers with which the top of the field ridge is lowered are also used as straightening rollers for the stem.
[0079] In the case of the potato harvest, the field at the location of the stems will have the form of a field ridge extending in the working direction. In that case, said earth mover will remove an upper part of the field ridge.
[0080] Behind said soil mover and / or straightening rollers can be mounted guide plates which form a vertical passage for stems, foliage and soil. These plates fit tightly on the rollers. These plates ensure that the stems, which have been brought into good position by the rollers, do not spring back to the side in the path between the rollers and the discs and are therefore not properly engaged by the discs. These guide plates guide the material between the discs. They can be relatively flat above the ground surface behind the rollers, so that no stems can slip underneath. The space between the guide plates can increase upwards and backwards so that it is released and stems cannot get stuck with soil.
[0081] The aspects and features described in this description and claims of the application and / or shown in the drawings of this application may also be used separately from each other where possible. Those individual aspects can differ
[0082] The invention will be elucidated on the basis of exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Shown in: Figure 1 is an oblique front / side view of an exemplary embodiment of a device with a number of haulm pulling units according to the invention; Figures 2A-C show a side view, rear view and front view, respectively, of a haulm pulling unit of the device of Figure 1; Figures 3A and 3B oblique views according to IIIA and IIIB in Figures 4A and 4B, from above and from behind of a disk holding part of a haulm pulling unit, in two different tensioning positions; Figures 4A and 4B side views of an arm with disc holder and disc, in two different positions of the contact area between the discs; Figures 5A-C show a side view, a top view and a front view, respectively, of an exemplary embodiment of a haulm pulling unit according to the invention; Figures 6A-D show respectively a view of an exemplary embodiment of a disc for a haulm pulling device according to the invention, a side view of that disc, a rear view of a pair of discs of Figure 6A, and a detail of Figure 6C; and Figures 7A-C show an oblique front view, a side view and an oblique rear view, respectively, of a part of the haulm pulling unit of Figures 5A-C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0083] The reference symbols used in the following are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter covered by the claims; their only function is to make the conclusions more comprehensible.
[0084] The haulm pulling device 100 of Figure 1 comprises a number of haulm pulling units 1, which are attached to a frame 2 which can be attached by suspension 3 to a vehicle, such as a tractor.
[0085] Each haulm pulling unit 1 comprises a rear support roller 4, which in this example is diabolo-shaped to be able to roll on a backing R on which the crop is growing. The support roller 4 is pivotally attached to two L-shaped arms 11a, which are interconnected by a transverse beam 11b and are pivotally attached to a first yoke 6 at 11c. Between the first yoke 6 and the transverse beam 11b is a longitudinal adjustable top link 9, which can optionally also be a cylinder, and with which the height of the support roller 4 relative to the first yoke 6 can be adjusted. The height can also be adjusted by means of a spindle 50.
[0086] The first yoke 6 is suspended from a second yoke 5, which is fixedly fixed to the frame 2. The first yoke 6 and the second yoke 5 are pivotally connected to each other, by two arms 10 and by adjusting rod 7, forming a parallelogram deformable in the vertical plane. A cylinder 8 extends diagonally through the parallelogram, and is attached with its ends to the second yoke 5 on the one hand and a cross beam 10a extending between the arms 10, on the other hand, near the first yoke 6. With the cylinder 8, the shape of the the parallelogram, in particular the height of the first yoke 6 with respect to the back R.
[0087] Several parts are attached to the first yoke 6. First, they are so-called torpedoes 12, which are arranged to move along the sides of the ridge and serve to guide foliage extending sideways from the ridge to the center. Behind the torpedoes 12, foliage guide plates 13 are arranged, which provide for further midway guidance of the foliage.
[0088] A fork structure 15 with fork arms 154, 15b is further suspended from the first yoke 6. The fork 15 is pivotally attached to the first yoke 6 at 32 and can be adjusted in height in the vertical plane by means of an adjusting rod 30 pivotally attached to the first yoke 6 and a side arm 31 fixedly attached to the fork 15.
[0089] To the fork structure 15, in particular to the fork arms 15a, 15b, are attached slide plates 14, which in use are held on the ground or just above it to retain the soil and the root vegetable therein, so that the root vegetable stays in the back.
[0090] The cylinder 8 can slide in / out freely in the shown application in combination with a diabolo roller 4. The cylinder 8 can then be used when a first yoke 6 with fork 15 and slide plates 14 is to be raised high or put out of use. wor-
[0091] Instead of a diabolo roller 4, use can be made of a height sensor, for instance attached to the first yoke 6, with which (via a control unit) the cylinder 8 can be controlled to adjust the height of the first yoke 6 and thus of the drive the discs 17, slide plates 14 and components 12 and 13.
[0092] Figures 3A and 3B show that disc holders 19a, 19b are mounted on the fork arms 15a, 15b. These are shielded by boxes in Figure 2A. The disc holders 19a, 19b comprise motors 20a, 20b, in this example hydraulic motors - note that these can also be electric motors, the drive shafts 29a, 29b of which drive disc hubs 26a, 26b of discs 17a, 17b for rotating in directions B, around disc axes M1. The drive shafts extend through wide passages in the fork arms 15a, 15b. The disc holders 19, 19b further include a first U-shaped engine mounts 21a, 21b, which are secured by bolts 28a, 28b to the outer surfaces of fork arms 15a, 15b, as will also be discussed in the discussion of the Figures. 4A and 4B. Inside the U-shaped first motor supports 21a, 21b, second motor supports 22a, 22b are arranged pivotably about first adjusting axis S1 in directions C, on which the motors 20a, 20b are mounted.
[0093] The discs 17a, 17b comprise substantially planar outer disc members that are resiliently bendable from their major plane and have peripheral edges 18a, 18b. In Figure 3A, the discs are held such that they lie flat against each other in an edge region or contact region K. The largest radial dimension of the contact area can be in the range of about 40 mm - 100 mm, depending on the deformation of the discs. The discs 17a, 17b may further each comprise a coating of rubber arranged on the facing sides of the disc parts. This rubber layer, which forms an inner disc portion, can extend radially outside the peripheral side of the disc parts, to prevent the foliage from breaking or being cut and the foliage pulling process will not be optimal.
[0094] By loosening bolts 24a, 24b reaching into curved slotted holes 23a, 23b, the second motor support 22a, 22b can be rotated in directions C about adjusting axes S1 through an angle defined by the slotted holes 23a, 23b, which are centered with respect to S1. -
[0095] A second adjustment option with second adjustment means is shown in Figures 4A and 4B. It can be seen that the depicted first engine support 21b (the same applies to the other side) is attached to the fork arm 15b by a number of bolt connections. The bolt connections include bolts 28b fixedly attached to the fork arm 15b. The first motor support is provided with a plurality of curved slotted holes 27b, which are centered with respect to the second adjustment axis 52. By loosening the bolts 28b, the first motor support 21b can be rotated from the position of Figure 4A about the second adjustment axis 52 in direction F, for example to the position of Figure 4B. The bolts can then be tightened again. By this operation, the contact area K will be moved, from the position of Figure 4A, in which the center of gravity Z of that area is behind the bottom point of the peripheral edge 18b, to a position in which the entire area K lies behind that bottom point. The second adjusting means can be adapted for adjustment about the second adjusting axes in a range of 0 +/- 30 degrees.
[0096] The second adjusting means may thus have a range from the center position of about 30 degrees clockwise (right) and about 30 degrees counterclockwise (left). The setting is not always exactly about the first adjusting axis of the motor. If the first adjusting means are adjusted such that the center line of the motor is no longer perpendicular to the mounting surface of the fork arms 15, then the adjustment is not exactly on the center line of the motor shaft.
[0097] A third adjustment option is schematically shown in Figure 3A, in which the device is shown in its default setting. The fork arms 15a, 15b are pivotable about hinges 33 fixed with fork 15, directions E. The fixed hinges define third adjusting axes 53. The ends remote from the discs are spaced apart by means of adjusting bolts 34a, 34b a limited distance. or to move them apart. As a result, the mutual distance of the fork arms 15a, 15b at the height of the discs can be adjusted, and thus also how far the contact area extends in the centripetal direction. By way of example: the angle over which each fork arm 15a, 15b is adjustable by the third adjusting means at 53 can be +/- 10 degrees.
[0098] The axis of rotation S3 of the fork arms is parallel to the plane on the outside of the fork arm against which the first engine support is attached.
[0099] It is advantageous for the mounting surfaces to converge with respect to each other because the engine supports then do not have to be rotated so far about S1. In the exemplary embodiment, the mounting surfaces of the fork arms converge so that the engine supports are exactly in the center position in the basic setting of S1.
[0100] By adjusting with the first and second adjusting means, the degree of the tension with which the two discs press against each other in the contact area, as well as the position thereof, can be adjusted. This makes it possible to adapt to the actual situation and condition of the crop to be treated. With the three types of adjusting means, the location of the contact area of the discs in the circumferential sense and the radial dimension and thus the size of the contact area can be adjusted. The higher the voltage, the higher the deformation of the discs and thus the larger the contact area. All three types of adjusting means can be used, or two of them, or one of them. This offers the user a wide range of setting options, in order to achieve the best possible adjustment to the specific conditions (crop, soil).
[0101] Normally, when the discs make a large angle to each other by adjusting the first and second adjusting means, the contact area will become smaller. However, if a relatively great pressure is exerted on the discs with the third adjusting means, the contact area will still be large. Or vice versa, if the discs make a small angle with each other by adjusting the first and second adjusting means, but at the same time the third adjusting means gives only little pressure on the discs, then the discs will deform little, so that the contact area will still be small.
[0102] In order to prevent damage to the discs 17a, 17b by stones lying on the bed or the back or other hard objects that could get between the discs, a fall-back protection is provided between the two fork arms, by means of a bolt 35 with spring 36 and stop 37. When a stone comes between the discs, the fork arms 15a, 15b can move apart against the spring 36, in order to return to each other after the stone has been released into the starting position. The slides follow the evasive movement of the fork arms.
[0103] In use, when the haulm pulling unit 1 is advancing in the direction A along ridge with foliage of, for example, potatoes located in the ridge, the foliage, i.e. leaves and stems, is moved between the two discs tensioned towards each other, in the contact area K , clamped. By turning the position of the clamping surface, you can adjust whether the foliage is pulled horizontally or vertically. The rotational speed of the discs in relation to the driving speed also influences the pull-out direction.
[0104] The angle between the discs can also be adjusted, this changes the clamping force and the size of the contact area K. Furthermore, the angle between the fork arms can be adjusted, with which the clamping force of the discs can also be adjusted.
[0105] [0105] An advantage here is that the foliage can be clamped at the extreme point of the discs. This allows the depth of the discs to be adjusted tightly above the ground. As a result, the discs do not dig through the soil and the foliage is clamped as low as possible, here the foliage breaks the least quickly (the foliage is strongest just above the ground). Because the foliage is clamped between the discs and then pulled, the root does not need to pass between the discs under the foliage. This is different from the known technique, such as publication NL-99872, in which the foliage is pulled up with roots, with which soil and sometimes also stones are always pulled up.
[0106] The haulm pulling unit 1 of Figs. 5A-C may be attached with a plurality of adjacent identical haulm pulling units to a common frame that can be attached by a suspension to a vehicle, such as a tractor.
[0107] Each haulm pulling unit 1 comprises a rear supporting roller 4, which in this example is diabolo-shaped in order to be able to roll on a field ridge or crop ridge R on which the crop grows. The support roller 4 is pivotally attached to two L-shaped arms 11a, which are interconnected by a cross beam 11b and are pivotally attached to a first yoke 6 at the location of 11c. A top bar 9 is arranged between the first yoke 6 and the transverse beam 11b. . The height of the supporting roller 4 relative to the first yoke 6 can be adjusted with a spindle 50.
[0108] The first yoke 6 is suspended from a second yoke 5, which is fixedly fixed to the frame 2. The first yoke 6 and the second yoke 5 are pivotally connected together, by two arms 10 and by adjusting rod 7, forming a parallelogram deformable in the vertical plane. A cylinder 8 extends diagonally through the parallelogram, and is attached with its ends to the second yoke 5 on the one hand and a cross beam 10a extending between the arms 10, on the other hand, near the first yoke 6. With the cylinder 8, the shape of the the parallelogram, in particular the height of the first yoke 6 with respect to the back R.
[0109] Several parts are attached to the first yoke 6. First, they are so-called torpedoes 12, which are arranged to move along the sides of the ridge and serve to guide foliage extending sideways from the back to the center. Behind the torpedoes 12, feed rollers 40a, 40b are arranged, shown in more detail in Figure 5C and Figure 7A. Behind it, stem / foliage guide plates 13 are arranged, which provide further midway guidance of the stem and the foliage.
[0110] [0110] Furthermore, suspended from the first yoke 6, is a fork structure 15 with fork arms 154, 15b. The fork 15 is pivotally attached to the first yoke 6.
[0111] To the fork structure 15, particularly to the fork arms 15a, 15b, are attached slide plates 14, which in use are held on the ground or just above it to retain the soil and the root vegetable therein when the stem expands. the soil is pulled, so that the root vegetable remains in the back.
[0112] On the ends of the fork arms 15a, 15b, in a manner similar to that of the first exemplary embodiment, disc holders are arranged, protected by casings. The disc holders 19 - see also Figure 6A in which one of the disc assemblies is depicted - with numbering without designation from the side of the device, comprise motors 20, in this example hydraulic motors or electric motors, the drive shafts of which are disc hubs 26 of discs 17 rotating driving in the directions B, about disk center lines M1. The drive shafts extend through wide passages in the fork arms 15a, 15b. The disc holders 19 further include a first U-shaped motor mount 21.
[0113] The discs 17 are assembled and, unlike in the first exemplary embodiment, comprise an outer disc portion having a disc hub 26 and a disc hub flange 65 attached thereto. A series of radial-plane pins are fixedly attached to the disc hub flange 65. 64 made of steel, for example. The pins 64 have ends 64a arranged on a circle. The ends 64a have a thickness d1. The circumferential distances between the pins 64 are preferably equal. The pins 64 protrude freely from the disc hub flange 65.
[0114] The discs 17 further comprise an inner disc portion 63 of a rubbery material. The disc portion 63 has a continuous circular outer edge 63a, which has a thickness d2. The disk portion 63 is attached to the disk hub flange 65 by a plate 66 and bolts. However, the pins 64 and the disk portion 63 are not fastened together radially outside the flange 65. The resistance to bending in radial planes for the pins 64 is much greater than that of the disc portion 63. The pins 64 may be bending stiff, or slightly resilient.
[0115] The pins 64 lie on a conical surface, the outer side of which faces the other disc. The conical plane may be at an angle of preferably between zero and 30 degrees, and more preferably ten degrees, from and plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disc hub. Despite the oblique position of the disc hubs, a somewhat uniform engagement can hereby be realized in radial direction. The inner disc members 63 have a frusto-conical major face H that follows the cone formed by the pins 64. This provides a favorable entry opening for the stem with foliage.
[0116] The thickness d1 of the pins 64 can be in a range of about one to three cm. The thickness of the disc element 63 can be in the range of 0.5-1.5 cm. The adjustable mutual angle of the axes of the hubs 26 can advantageously lie between 25 and 45 degrees.
[0117] In the device 1, the discs 17a, 17b are mounted such that the pins 64a of disc 17a are circumferentially offset by half a pitch from the pins 64b of disc 17b. This makes it possible to bring the path of the pins of one disk close (less than 2 x d2) to the path of the pins of the other disk, as shown in Figures 6B and 6C. The horizontal spacing between the pins 64 may be such that the inner disc members are thereby deformed into a wavy or zigzag shape when viewed in the circumferential direction. The inner disc members 63a, 63b are then pressed together along elongated radial strips 76 where the normals N1 and N2 have a tangential directional component. Due to the stiffness of the inner disc parts, they are also pressed against each other between the pins. After all, the inner disc parts want to assume their initial shape - a flat shape or a conical shape - by themselves due to their elasticity. Several strips 76 together form a contact area, where a stem with foliage can be grasped and clamped to be pulled out of the ridge R as the discs 17 rotate forward. The slide plates 14 prevent roots and soil from being pulled along. The height of the slide plates with respect to the fork arms, and thus the height of the discs 174, 17b with respect to the ground, is adjustable.
[0118] In Figures 7A-C, another aspect of the invention is shown, with a pair of feed rollers 40a, 40b disposed on either side of the device 1. The input rollers 40a, 40b are suspended from downwardly extending frame parts 45a, 45b forming part of the first yoke 6. The input rollers 40a, 40b are each straight-circular cylindrical, with top plate 41a, 41b, bottom plate 42a, 42b and jacket 43a, 43b of a material that is, for example, rubbery. Alternatively, a smooth material, such as steel, can be advantageous to allow slip between stem / foliage and the rotating sheath, so that the stem can remain upright as much as possible. Hydraulic motors 44a, 44b drive the feed rollers 40a, 40b in the indicated directions P, about axes 54. The speed is adjustable, in an embodiment in a range of 0.5 - 1.5 times the speed of the device 1 in operation. - direction.
[0119] The angle (Figure 5C) of each axis 54 with respect to the vertical, in a plane transverse to the working direction A, can be set, as can the mutual distance in the horizontal direction of the two feed rollers 40a, 40b. As a result, the shape and size of the gap between the input rollers 40a, 40b can be adapted to the situation. In the example shown, the angle p is opening upward, so that the gap space increases in width upward.
[0120] The input rollers 40a, 40b can perform a number of functions. In the first place, they can be used to lower the height of the field at the location of the stem, see Figure 6C, by displacing the soil on both sides of the stem inwards on the back and, as it were, scraping the back. from level R1 to level R2 (Figure 5C). As previously described, this frees a lower portion of the stem to be engaged by the trailing discs, which reduces the chance of stem breaking and can increase the grip of the discs on the stem.
[0121] [0121] It is further advantageous that the feed rollers 40a, 40b realize a flat top surface of the back R, which is favorable for the action of the pressure roller 4 acting at the end of the device 1. passage of the device 1 will be a highly regularly pressed profile with a highly uniform top height.
[0122] Secondly, the feed rollers can urge a stem extending out of the ground adjacent to the centerline of the operating device 1 more towards that centerline, which process is promoted by the inward rotation of the respective centerline. fende, the stem gripping feed roller. In the second place, the feed rollers have a straightening effect on the (relatively) incoming stems, the straight-circle cylinder shape being favorable. Due to the slightly widening shape of the gap between the feed rollers, space is provided for the foliage on the stem.
[0123] The soil, which is grasped by the feed rollers and comminuted by the rollers, is delivered rearwardly, between the rollers, to the space between the guide plates 13a, 13b which are almost adjacent to the feed rollers and which extend to between the discs 17a,
[0124] The invention provides for a device for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction, and - at least one through the field. main frame held haulm pulling unit, the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs, each defining a major plane and each bendable out of their main plane, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, the disc holders including disc drives for rotate the discs in the same direction about respective disc axes, the discs rotating upwardly at their trailing edge, the discs of the pair of discs converging in a downward direction in a vertical transverse plane, the discs of the disc pair of discs converge to each other in a horizontal plane in a direction opposite to the working direction, and wherein the Haulm pulling unit comprises adjustable tensioning means for clamping the discs against each other with deformation thereof, to form a contact area on the radial inside of the circumferential side. The invention further provides for an apparatus just described, wherein the tensioning means comprise first adjusting means for adjusting the angle between the disc axes of the two discs, viewed in a first plane containing both disc axes. The first adjustment means is operative about respective first adjustment axes perpendicularly intersecting the respective shaving axes. The first adjustment axes can have a horizontal and a vertical directional component, which directional components can have a ratio of between 1: 2 and 2: 1. The disc holders may be arranged in the haulm pulling unit such that the surface center of gravity of the contact area is located behind the lowest point of the discs. The tensioning means may comprise second adjusting means for adjusting the location of the contact area in the circulation of the discs. The second adjusting means can be arranged with an adjusting range that allows the contact area to be located entirely behind the lowest point of the discs. The second adjusting means can be arranged with an adjusting range that allows the contact area to be located entirely in the lower half of the discs. The second adjusting means may be arranged to adjust the angle of the first plane containing the disc axes with respect to the working direction. The second adjustment means may be operable to adjust the disc holders about respective second adjustment axes which are perpendicular to the respective first adjustment axes. The second adjustment axes in the first plane at an angle to the respective disk axes may be adjustable in an angular range of between 0 +/- 30 degrees. The tensioning means may comprise third adjusting means for adjusting the horizontal distance between the centers of the discs. The third adjusting means can be adjustable about respective third adjusting axes which are located outside the discs.
[0125] The invention also provides a device as described above wherein the discs are each assembled with an inner disc portion of a relatively compliant and / or elastic material, such as, for example, a rubber, for direct contact with stem and foliage, and an outer disc portion which is more flexually stiff than the inner disc portion of compliant and / or elastic material. The discs may each comprise a planar outer disc portion of resiliently bendable material, such as steel, with the disc portion having a circumferential peripheral edge. The discs may include an outer disc portion having a disc hub and a plurality of pins extending from the hub to the disc rim, the discs further each comprising an inner disc portion disposed on the facing sides of the discs, wherein the flexural stiffness of the pins is greater than that of the inner disc part, the pins being in circum-
[0126] The invention also relates to a device for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising:
[0127] The invention is by no means limited to the embodiments shown and described in the drawings and description. The above description is included to illustrate the operation of preferred embodiments of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention. From the above explanation, many variations will be apparent to one skilled in the art that are within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations are possible of the parts shown in the drawings and described in the description. They can be used separately in other embodiments of the invention. Parts of different examples given can be combined with each other.

权利要求:
Claims (64)
[1]
Device (100) for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction (A), and - at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame (1), wherein the haulm pulling unit (1) comprises a pair of interacting discs (17a, 17b), each defining a major plane and each bendable out of their major plane, and a pair of disc holders (19a, 19b) for holding the discs, wherein the disc holders (19a, 19b) include disc drives for rotating the discs (17a, 17b) in the same direction about respective disc axes, with the discs rotating upwardly at their trailing edge, the discs of the pair of discs a vertical transverse plane converging towards each other in a downward direction, the discs of the pair of discs converging towards each other in a horizontal plane in a direction opposite to the working direction annoying, and wherein the haulm pulling unit comprises adjustable tensioning means (21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37) for clamping the discs against each other under deformation thereof, in order to fit the radial inside of the the circumferential side to form a contact area (K).
[2]
Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tensioning means comprise first adjusting means (22a, 22b, 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b) for adjusting the angle between the disc axes of the two discs, viewed in a first plane that separates the two contains disc heart lines.
[3]
Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first adjusting means is operative about respective first adjusting axes which intersect the respective disc axes perpendicularly.
[4]
Device according to claim 3, wherein the first adjustment axes have a horizontal and a vertical directional component, which directional components have a ratio of between 1: 2 and 2: 1.
[5]
Device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the disc holders (19a, 19b) are arranged in the haulm pulling unit (1) such that the surface center of gravity of the contact area is located behind the lowest point of the discs.
[6]
A device according to claim 5, wherein the tensioning means comprise second adjusting means (27a, 27b, 28a, 28b) for adjusting the location of the contact area (K) in the circulation of the discs.
[7]
Device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second adjusting means are arranged with an adjusting range that allows the contact area to be located entirely behind the lowest point of the discs.
[8]
Device according to any of claims 6-7, wherein the second adjusting means are arranged with an adjusting range that allows the contact area to be located entirely in the lower half of the discs.
[9]
Device according to any of claims 6-8, wherein the second adjusting means are arranged to adjust the angle of the first plane containing the disc axes with respect to the working direction.
[10]
Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second adjustment means is operable to adjust the disc holders (19a, 19b) about respective second adjustment axes that are perpendicular to the respective first adjustment axes.
[11]
The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second adjustment axes in the first plane are angularly adjustable to the respective disk axes in an angle range of between 0 +/- 30 degrees.
[12]
Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tensioning means comprises third adjusting means (33, 34) for adjusting the horizontal distance between the centers of the discs.
[13]
Device according to claim 11, wherein the third adjusting means are adjustable about respective third adjusting axes which are located outside the discs.
[14]
Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the haulm pulling unit comprises a fork (15), the disc holders being mounted on the arms (15a, 15b) of the fork.
[15]
15. Device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the disc holders comprise a headrest and an auxiliary support, wherein the auxiliary support is situated between the motor and the headrest and is adjustable relative thereto by the first adjusting means about the first adjusting axis.
[16]
Device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the headrest is adjustable in angular position by the second adjusting means with respect to the arm concerned.
[17]
Device according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein the arms of the fork converge in a downward direction and / or direction opposite to the working direction.
[18]
Device as claimed in any of the claims 14-17 and according to any of claims 12-13, wherein the third adjusting means are designed for adjusting the distance between the fork arms at the location of the discs.
[19]
Device according to claim 18, wherein the third adjusting means comprise spring means (35, 36, 37) for allowing spring-braked deflection of the fork arms relative to each other.
[20]
Apparatus according to any of claims 18-19, wherein the third adjustment axis is transverse to the fork arm, viewed in a vertical plane of projection including the direction of action.
[21]
The device of any of claims 1-20, wherein the discs are each assembled with an inner disc portion (63) of a relatively compliant and / or elastic material, such as, for example, a rubber, for direct contact with stem and foliage, and an outer disc portion that is more flexually stiff than the inner disc portion of compliant and / or elastic material.
[22]
The device of claim 21, wherein the discs each comprise a planar outer disc portion of resiliently bendable material, such as steel, the disc portion having a circumferential peripheral edge.
[23]
The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the discs comprise an outer disc portion having a disc hub (26) and a plurality of pins (64) extending from the hub to the disc rim, the discs further each comprising an inner disc portion located on the facing sides of the discs, the bending stiffness of the pins being greater than that of the inner disc part, the pins being arranged circumferentially evenly distributed, with a gap between successive pins, the pins being free radial ends (64a), wherein the pins of both discs (17a, 17b) can cooperate to deform the inner disc members in the contact region (K) between them.
[24]
Device according to claim 23, wherein the tensioning means are adapted to adjust the relative positions of the disc hubs (26a, 26b) in the circumferential sense and thus of the pins (64) of the one disc relative to the pins of the other disc. .
[25]
An apparatus according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the outer disc members are mounted circumferentially offset such that the pins of one disc member extend adjacent gaps between the pins of the other disc member, viewed in a vertical plane of projection that the working direction, wherein, preferably, the pins of one disc portion extend along a median plane of the gap between the two adjacent pins of the other disc portion.
[26]
Device according to claim 23, 24 or 25, wherein the pins lie on a conical surface, in particular a frusto-conical surface, the outer side of which faces the other disc.
[27]
27. A method for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - moving a haulm pulling device along and across the field in a working direction, in an embodiment of a haulm pulling device as claimed in any of the claims 1-26, wherein the haulm pulling device comprises: - a main frame and at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame,
wherein the haulm pulling unit comprises a pair of cooperating discs, each defining a major plane and each bendable out of their major plane, and a pair of disc holders for holding the discs, the discs being rotated in the same direction during the advancement of the haulm pulling device respective disc axes, wherein discs rotate upwardly at their trailing edge, the discs converging downwardly towards each other in a direction with the pair of discs in a vertical transverse plane, the discs of the pair of discs converging in a horizontal direction converge flatly in a direction opposite to the working direction, and wherein the discs are tensioned against each other during the advancement of the haulm pulling device with deformation thereof, in order to form a contact area at the peripheral edge, whereby a lower part is formed during the advancement of the haulm pulling device of the stem with foliage i n is allowed to run into the space between the disks and then is allowed to engage and clamp in the contact area by the two disks and allow the disks to leave the field, whereby, preferably as a haulm pulling device, use is made of a device according to one of the claims 1-13.
[28]
28. Method according to claim 27, wherein with first adjusting means provided on the haulm pulling device the angle between the disc axes of the two discs is set, viewed in a first plane containing the two disc axes, wherein, preferably, the angle is set by the first adjusting means about respective first adjusting axes perpendicularly intersecting the respective disc axes, wherein, preferably, with second adjusting means provided on the haulm pulling device the position of the contact area in the circulation of the discs is adjusted, wherein, preferably, with the second the position of the contact area is adjusted so that the contact area is situated entirely behind the lowest point of the discs, wherein, preferably, the position of the contact area is set with the second adjusting means so that the contact area is situated entirely in the lower half of the discs is, preferably, with the second adjusting means the angle of the ee The first plane containing the disc axes is adjusted with respect to the working direction, wherein, preferably, with the second adjustment means the disc holders are adjusted about respective second adjustment axes which are perpendicular to the respective first adjustment axes.
[29]
A method according to claim 28, wherein during the advancement of the haulm pulling device the surface center of gravity of the contact area is kept behind the lowest point of the discs and / or wherein the surface center of gravity of the contact area is kept below the disc axes during the advancement of the leaf pulling device. , especially at a height of 0.5R - R below the disc axes, where R is the radius of the discs in the unloaded state.
[30]
30. A method according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the outer edges of the discs are kept on or below the initial top side of the field or crop ridge / field ridge it has on the field ridge prior to operation of the foliage device.
[31]
31. Device (100) for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - a main frame to be moved along and across the field in a working direction (A), and - at least one haulm pulling unit held by the main frame (1), the haulm pulling unit comprising a pair of cooperating discs (17a, 17b), and a pair of disc holders (19a, 19b) for holding the discs, the disc holders including disc drives for similarly rotating the discs about respective disc axes, wherein the discs rotate upwardly at their trailing edge, the discs being adjustable so that they converge in a horizontal backward direction and / or vertical downward direction, the haulm pulling unit adjustable tensioning means (21, 22, 23, 24, 27 , 28, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37), for clamping the discs against each other under deformation thereof, to form a contact area on the radial inside of the circumferential side. ed (K) with which stem and foliage can be clamped for removal thereof from the field, characterized in that the discs have a disc hub (26) and a number of elastic pins (extending from the hub to the disc edge) ( 64), the discs further each comprising an inner disc portion (63) located on the facing sides of the discs, the flexural stiffness of the pins being greater than that of the inner discs, the pins being circumferentially regular. distributed, with a gap between successive pins, the pins having free radial ends (64), the tensioning means being adapted to circumferentially adjust the relative positions of the disc hubs and therewith of the pins of the one disc with respect to the pins of the other disc, the pins of both discs being able to cooperate to deform the inner disc parts in the contact area (K) between them .
[32]
The device of claim 31, wherein the inner disc members are made of a rubbery material.
[33]
The device of claim 31 or 32, wherein the pins are radially oriented.
[34]
An apparatus according to claim 31, 32 or 33, wherein the discs are circumferentially offset such that the pins of one disc extend adjacent spaces between the pins of the other disc, viewed in a vertical plane of projection that contains the working direction.
[35]
The device of claim 34, wherein the pins of one disk extend along a median plane of the gap between the two adjacent pins of the other disk.
[36]
36. Device according to claim 34 or 35, wherein the tensioning means are adapted to cause the inner disc parts to deform into radial hills and valleys at the location of the contact area by means of the pins, wherein the ridges of the one disk engage in the valleys of the other disk and vice versa.
[37]
37. Device according to claim 34, 35 or 36, wherein the tensioning means are adapted to align the pin ends of the two discs on a horizontal plane at the location of the contact area.
to maintain a solar distance from each other which is smaller than the thickness of the disc element there in the unloaded state.
[38]
38. Device as claimed in claim 36 or 37, wherein the inner disc parts have a circumferential undulating course at the location of the contact area on the edge of the disc.
[39]
The device of any of claims 31-38, wherein the inner disc members project radially from the ends of the pins.
[40]
The device of any of claims 31 to 39, wherein the discs of the pair of discs converge in a downward direction in a vertical transverse plane, and wherein the discs of the pair of discs converge in a horizontal direction. converge horizontally to each other in a direction opposite to the working direction.
[41]
41. Device according to one of claims 31-40, wherein the pins lie on a conical surface, in particular a truncated conical surface, the outer side of which faces the other disc.
[42]
The device of claim 41, wherein the inner disc members have a shape with a frusto-conical or cone-shaped peripheral portion following the cone formed by the pins.
[43]
The device of any of claims 31-41, wherein the inner disc members are flat.
[44]
An implement as claimed in any of the claims 31-43 or according to the preamble of claim 1, provided with a soil mover (40) arranged in the working direction in front of the discs for displacing soil in the vicinity of the stem where it extends from the field.
[45]
An apparatus according to claim 44, wherein the earth mover comprises a pair of rollers (40a, 40b) mounted on the main frame, in particular circular-cylindrical rollers, in particular straight-circle cylindrical rollers, arranged side by side on the main frame and with the circumferential surfaces spaced apart to form a narrow gap, and a roller drive for rotating the rollers about substantially upright rotational axes, such that they rotate in the gap in a direction opposite to the direction of travel .
[46]
An apparatus according to claim 45, wherein the rollers converge with their rotational axes in a downward direction, viewed in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of travel, in particular converge at an included angle of less than 10 degrees.
[47]
An apparatus according to claim 45 or 46, wherein the drive is adjustable in speed, in an embodiment between 0.5-1.5 times the speed of the apparatus in the working direction.
[48]
The device of claim 45, 46 or 47, wherein the rollers are arranged to engage a stem.
[49]
49. A method for removing stems and foliage from a crop standing in a field, comprising: - moving a haulm pulling device along and across the field in a working direction, the haulm pulling device comprising: - a main frame and at least one held by the main frame haulm pulling unit, wherein the haulm pulling unit comprises a pair of cooperating discs, each defining a principal plane and each bendable out of their principal plane, wherein during the advancement of the haulm pulling device the discs are rotated in equal direction about respective disc axes, with discs at their trailing edge pivoting upwardly, whereby the discs converge in a downward direction in a direction with the pair of discs in a vertical transverse plane in a downward direction, the discs of the pair of discs converging in a horizontal plane in a direction opposite to the working direction. converge each other, and where the disks during the vo The shorting movement of the haulm pulling device can be tensioned against each other with deformation thereof, so as to form a contact area at the peripheral edge,
wherein, during the advancement of the haulm pulling device, a lower part of the stalk with foliage is allowed to run into the space between the discs and then is allowed to engage and clamp in the contact area by the two discs and by the discs to be pulled away from the field, with the characterized in that use is made of discs having a disc hub and a plurality of pins extending from the hub to the disc rim, the discs further each comprising a disc-shaped disc member located on the facing sides of the discs, the bending stiffness of the discs being the pins is larger than that of the inner sheaves, the pins being arranged circumferentially evenly spaced, with a gap between successive pins, the pins having free ends, the shims being arranged circumferentially offset, such that the pins extending from one disk in gaps between the pins of the other disk, viewed in a vertical plane of projection containing the working direction, in the contact area the pins tensioning the inner disk parts against each other.
[50]
A method according to claim 49, wherein the pins deform the inner disc parts in such a way that the contact area comprises partial surfaces having a normal with a directional component directed in tangential direction of the discs.
[51]
51. A method according to claim 49 or 50, wherein at the location of the contact area the pins deform the inner disc parts into radial hills and valleys, wherein the ridges of one disk engage the valleys of the other disk and vice versa.
[52]
52. A method according to claim 49, 50 or 51, wherein the inner disc parts have a circumferential undulating course at the location of the contact area on the edge of the disc.
[53]
53. A method according to any one of claims 49-52, wherein the contact area comprises elongated radial partial contact areas, in each case located between two pins of respective discs.
[54]
A method according to any one of claims 49-53, wherein use is made of a device according to any one of claims 31-48.
[55]
55. A method according to any one of claims 49-54 or according to the preamble of claim 49, wherein during operation the edges of the discs are below the initial (i.e. in the state before passage of the haulm pulling unit) top side of a field, field ridge or crop back, which has this top side prior to the operation of the haulm device on the field ridge, and the stem is clamped by the discs in the contact area, at least in a stem portion located below that initial top side.
[56]
56. A method according to claim 55, wherein prior to the engagement of a stem with foliage by the discs, the top of the field or field ridge is lowered by displacing soil there.
[57]
357. A method according to claim 56, wherein the soil is displaced by means of a pair of rollers mounted on the device, in particular rectangular cylindrical rollers, arranged side by side and spaced apart with the circumferential surfaces in order to to form a narrow gap, the rollers being driven about substantially upstanding rotational axes so that they rotate in the gap in a direction opposite to the direction of travel.
[58]
The method of claim 57, wherein the rollers are held such that their rotational axes converge in a downward direction when viewed in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of travel.
[59]
59. A method according to any one of claims 49 to 58 or the preamble of claim 49, wherein prior to engagement of a foliage stem by the discs, when said stem emerges from the ground at a position laterally spaced from the centerline of the working haulm pulling unit, with the haulm pulling unit used, that stem where it extends from the ground is forced towards that centerline.
[60]
A method according to claim 59, wherein the forcing of the stem towards the centerline is carried out by means of one of a pair of rollers arranged on the main frame, in particular straight-circular cylindrical rollers, arranged side by side on the main frame and with the circumferential surfaces spaced apart to form a narrow gap for passage of the centered stem, the rollers being driven about substantially upright axes of rotation so that they rotate in the gap in an opposite direction the direction of travel.
[61]
A method according to any one of claims 49-60 or according to the preamble of claim 49, wherein prior to the engagement of a foliage stem by the discs, the stem, with the used foliage pulling unit, is aligned substantially vertically.
[62]
62. A method according to claim 61, wherein the alignment of the stem is performed by means of a pair of rollers mounted on the main frame, in particular straight-circular cylindrical rollers, arranged side by side on the main frame and with the peripheral surfaces on a spaced apart to form a narrow spacing for stem passage, the rollers being driven about substantially upstanding rotational axes so that they rotate in the spacing in a direction opposite to the direction of travel.
[63]
The method of claim 62, wherein the rollers are held such that their rotational axes converge in a downward direction viewed in a vertical plane transverse to the direction of travel.
[64]
A method according to claim 57 or 58 and according to claim 60 and according to claim 62 or 63, wherein the rollers with which the top side of the field ridge is lowered are also used as centering rollers and as straightening rollers for the stem.
-0-0-0-

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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NL2025722B1|2021-06-22|

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NL2023262B1|2020-12-11|

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EP3747250A1|2020-12-09|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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US1146575A|1914-09-14|1915-07-13|John P H Johnson|Beet-harvester.|

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US2648185A|1950-03-25|1953-08-11|Eben D Dahlman|Vine-handling machine|

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NL99872C|1956-01-25|

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US3127724A|1961-05-11|1964-04-07|Fraresso Giordano|Cutter-windrower apparatus|

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NL7808386A|1978-08-11|1980-02-13|Oldenhuis Bv|Potato haulm removal implement - has two wheels on transverse sloping axes gripping stems between resilient peripheries|

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GB2056240A|1979-07-18|1981-03-18|Nat Cooep Land En Tuinbouw Aan|Apparatus for pulling potato plants|

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NL189994B|1984-01-24|1993-05-03|Oldenhuis Petra Willemina|GARDENING DEVICE.|

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NL9301688A|1993-09-30|1995-04-18|Stichting Inst Mech|Haulm puller.|

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FR2860682A1|2003-10-10|2005-04-15|Vermande Sa|Seedlings e.g. maize seedling, male inflorescence plucking device for hybrid seed production field, has rotating friction unit comprising angular sectors for introduction and plucking of inflorescences, and plant stem releasing zone|

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JPH05316847A|1992-05-22|1993-12-03|Iseki & Co Ltd|Machine for treating stalk and leaf of potato and the like|

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法律状态:

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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NL2023262A|NL2023262B1|2019-06-04|2019-06-04|DEVICE FOR REMOVING FARMS FROM FIELD AGRICULTURAL CROPS|

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